EFFECT OF INORGANIC AND ORGANO-MINERAL FERTILIZERS ON SOIL PROPERTIES AND NUTRIENT COMPOSITION OF PEPPER (Capsicum spp.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51406/jagse.v14i1.1257Keywords:
Nutrient, Pepper, Flowering, Fruiting, Ripening, Southwestern NigeriaAbstract
Screen house and field experiments were conducted in Abeokuta, south western Nigeria in 2006 and 2007 to determine the effects of different rates of inorganic and organo-mineral fertilizers (OMF) on soil chemical properties and nutrient composition of pepper. The effect of independent application of OMF at different rates and chemical fertilizer (CF) was investigated in the screen house. The experimental method was completely randomized design (CRD) with the following treatments: 0, 2, 4, 6, 8,10, 12, 14 t/ha organo-mineral fertilizer (OMF) and chemical fertilizer (CF) at the rate of 60 kg N, 19.8 kg P, 39.6 kg K/ha. Based on the results obtained from the screen house study, the following treatments arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) were used on the field: 12 t/ha organo-
mineral fertilizer (100 % OMF); chemical fertilizer at 60 kg N, 16.9 kg P, 39.6 kg K/ha (100 %CF), OMF + CF (50:50), OMF + CF (25:75), OMF + CF (75:25). Parameters evaluated in the screen house were: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, pH and organic carbon contents of post-planting soil as well as number of days to 50 % flowering, fruiting and ripening, yield and vitamin C content of pepper.
In addition to the above, nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus contents of pepper fruit were also assessed on the field. In the screen house, application of 12 t/ha organo-mineral fertilizer increased the potassium and organic carbon contents of post planting soil to the maximum (0.03 cmol/kg and 15.8 g/
kg respectively). It also enhanced the fruiting and ripening of pepper and increased the vitamin C content (48 days, 94 days and 8.78 mg/100g respectively). On the field, application of OMF + CF (75:25) increased the vitamin C in pepper in both years (7.20 and 2.60 mg/100g) as well as nitrogen content in
pepper fruit (22.5 g/kg) in 2006. The concentration of phosphorus in pepper fruit in 2007 was highest (3.5 mg/kg) by the above fertilizer rate while OMF + CF (50:50) and 100 % CF increased the potassium content to 61 and 31.7 mg/kg in 2006 and 2007 respectively. Number of days to 50% pepper
ripening was significantly reduced to 120 by the application of OMF + CF (25:75) and OMF + CF (75:25) against 130 days in the control in 2007. Application of 100% OMF improved the phosphorus content of post planting soil in 2006 and 2007 (10.8 and 7.1 mg/kg respectively) while the highest pH (7.4) which is significantly higher than the control was observed on plots treated with the above fertilizer rate in 2006. Pepper could be grown with 100% OMF, OMF + CF (25:75), OMF + CF (75:25) or
OMF + CF (50:50) for improved yield, growth, nutrient composition and improved soil quality
References
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Sobulo, R. A., Osiname, O. A. 1981. Soils and fertilizer use in western Nigeria. Research Bulletin, No. 11. I. A. R &T. University of Ife. p. 13.
Uvobisere, E. O., Elemo, K. A. 2000. Effect of inorganic fertilizer and foliage of Azadirachta and Parkia species on the productivity of maize. Nigeria Journal of Soil Research, 1: 17 – 22.
Adeniyan, O. N. 2008. Evaluation of NPK fertilizers and poultry manure for soil fertility enhancements and cassava production in two agro ecologies of southwest Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Soil Science 18: 48-53.
Adeoye, G. O., Agboola, A. A. 1985. Critical levels for soil pH, available P, K, Zn, and Mn and maize ear leaf content of P, Cu and Mn in sedimentary soil of southwest Nigeria. Fertilizer Research 6: 65-71.
Ahn, P. M. 1970. ‘West African soils ‘(Oxford University Press, Oxford). 332pp
Avery, D. T. 1995. Saving the planet with pesticides and plastics. The environmental triumph of high-yielding farming. Hudson Institute. Indianapolis, IN., pp;44.
Bi, G., Evans, W. B., Spiers, J. M., Witcher, A. L 2010. Effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on marigold growth and flowering. Hortscience 45 (9): 1373 – 1377.
Bosland, P. W., Vostava, E. J. 2000. Peppers. Vegetable and spice Capsicums. CABI Publishing, New York, U. S. A. p. 240
Boyer, R. F. 1993. Modern Experimental Biochemistry, U, S. A., Benjamin/ Cummings. 433 – 439 pp.
Bray, R. H., Kurtz, L. T. 1945. Determination of total, organic, and available form of phosphorus in soils. Soil Science Society of American Journal 59: 39-45.
Bremner, J. M. 1965. Total nitrogen. In: Methods of soil analysis, part 3, ed. C. A. Black. 901. Madison, Wisconsin. : American Society of Agronomy.
Chatuvedi, S., Kumar, A. 2012. Bio-diesel waste as tailored organic fertilizer for improving yields and nutritive values of Lycopersicum esculentum (tomato) crop. Journal of Soil Science and Plant nutrition, 12(4), 801-810.
Chude, V. O. 1999. Perspectives of Fertilizer Use in the 21st Century. In: O. Babalola, U. Omoti and A. E. Isenmila (eds.) Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference of Soil Science Society of Nigeria held in Benin, Edo State, Nigeria, 21st – 25th Nov. 1999. 255 – 263 pp.
Delahaut, K. A., Newenhouse, A. C. 1997. Growing tomatoes, peppers and eggplants in Wisconsin: A guide for fresh market growers. University of Wisconsin p. 13.
Doran, J. W., Sarrantonio, M., Liebig 1996. Soil Health and Sustainability. Advances in Agronomy 56: 42 – 45.
Hassan, S. I., Mijin, S., Yusoff, U. K., Ding, P., Wahab, P. E. M. 2012. Nitrate, ascorbic acid, mineral and antioxidant activities of Cosmos caudatus in response to organic and mineral based fertilizer ratios. Molecules 17(7), 7843-7853.
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) 1979. Selected methods for soil and plant analysis. Manual series No. 1, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria. 70 pp
Jackson, M. L. 1964. Soil chemical analysis. Eaglewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice Hall.
Javanmardi, J. 2012. Effect of organic based compost teas on pepino (Solanum muricatum) growth in organic culture. Proceedings of the 1st International and the 4th National congress on recycling of organic waste in agriculture 26th – 27th April 2012 in Isfahan, Iran pp.1-4.
Kang, B. T., Balasubraman, V. 1990. Long term fertilizers trials on Alfisols in West Africa. In: Transactions of XIV international Soil Science Congress, Kyoto, Japan (Vol. 4). ISSS, Kyoto, Japan. 4, 350.
Kekong, M. A., Ayuba, S. A., Alf, A. 2010. Effect of cow dung and poultry manure droppings on soil chemical properties and yield of garden egg (Solanum spp.) in the Sub-Humid Guinea savanna and Rainforest Belts of Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Soil Science 20 (1): 97 – 104.
Mahmoud, E., Abd El-Kader, N., Robin, P., Akkal-Corfini, N., El-Rahman, L. 2009. Effects of different organic and inorganic fertilizers on cucumber yield and some soil properties. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 5 (4):408-414.
Makinde, E. A., Akande, M. O. and Agboola, A. A. 2001. Effects of Fertilizer type on Performance of melon in a Maize-melon Intercrop. ASSET series A, (2): 151 – 158.
FDALR (Federal Department of Agricultural Land Resources) 1990. Soil Map of Nigeria Project: Soil of Ogun State, pp. 63 – 65; 148.
Makinde, E. A., Eniola, H. T., Fagbola, O. 2009. Effect of organic, organomineral
and NPK fertilizers on soil pH, organic matter and micronutrient contents in two soil types in Nigeria. Research on Crops 10(1):77-85.
Makinde Esther, A., Fagbola O., Akinrinde, E. A., Makinde, E. A. 2010. Effects of organic, organomineral and NPK fertilizer treatments on the quality of Amaranthus cruentus (L) on two soil types in Lagos, Nigeria. Nature and Science 8 (3),56-62.
Mclean, E. O. 1982. Soil pH and lime requirement. pp. 199-224. In: Page et al. (eds). Method of Soil Analysis part 2. Chemical and microbial properties, 2nd ed. Agron. Monog. 9 ASA and SSSA, Madison WI.
Nelson, D. W., Sommers, L. E. 1996. Total carbon, organic carbon and organic matter, p. 961-1010. In: D. L. Sparke (Ed.). Methods of soil analysis Part 3. Chemical methods SSSA Book Series No. 5. ASA and SSSA, Madison, WI.
SadiqueShaikh, M., Patil, M. A. 2013. Production and utilization strategies of organic fertilizers for organic farming: an eco-friendly approach. International Journal of Life Sciences and Pharma Research 3(2), 1-5.
SAS Institute, 1990. SAS/STAT user’s guide, release 6, 4th ed. Cary, N. C.: SAS Institute.
Sobulo, R. A., Osiname, O. A. 1981. Soils and fertilizer use in western Nigeria. Research Bulletin, No. 11. I. A. R &T. University of Ife. p. 13.
Uvobisere, E. O., Elemo, K. A. 2000. Effect of inorganic fertilizer and foliage of Azadirachta and Parkia species on the productivity of maize. Nigeria Journal of Soil Research, 1: 17 – 22.
