ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY OF THYMOL IN THE MANAGEMENT OF BACTERIAL WILT OF TOMATO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51406/jagse.v12i1.1368Keywords:
Bacterial wilt, Management, Thymol, TomatoAbstract
Bacterial wilt (BW), caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, is a devastating disease of tomato world-wide. The disease is responsible for more than 60% reduction of tomato yield in Nigeria. Volatile plant essential oil, thymol, was evaluated against BW in artificially-inoculated potted plants. Twenty milliliter of 108 cfu/ml suspension of Ralstonia solanacearum was introduced into 5 kg pot of sterilized soil and 20 ml each of three concentrations of thymol (0.2, 0.4, 0.6 g/L) applied as pre-plant soil drench 2 hours after bacterial inoculation. Eight tomato genotypes were transplanted into the pots five days after thymol application.   The experiment was laid in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replicates. At 0.2 g/L thymol application, disease severity index was 1.50-4.00 at 5 Weeks After Transplanting (WAT). Disease severity index was reduced significantly (p<0.05) by 77.78% in tomato variety Delila upon 0.4 g/L application of thymol. At 0.6 g/L thymol application, tomato varieties Delila, Perfect Pee and Kerewa each had 0 (zero) disease severity index, while tomato lines NG/AA/MAY/09/030, NG/TB/AUG/09/006 and NG/AA/SEP/09/037 had disease severity index of 1 (one) each. These results indicated that application of thymol (0.6 g/L concentration, 1:250, thymol:soil, v:w) in potted experiment was effective in reducing the severity index of bacteria wilt of tomato caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, and is therefore recommended for management of the disease.
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