FERMENTED DESERT LOCUST (Schistocerca gregaria) BY-PRODUCT MEAL AS A DIETARY PROTEIN SOURCE IN THE DIETS OF OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS FINGERLINGS (Linnaeus, 1758)
Keywords:
Desert Locust Waste Meal, Oreochromis niloticus, Proximate composition, chitin content and amino acidAbstract
The potentials of Fermented Desert Locust By-product (FDLBP) as a substitute for fishmeal in Oreochromis niloticus diet was evaluated in a 90 day feeding experiment. Four iso-nitrogenous (35.62%)
and iso-caloric (16.72 kJ/g) diets were formulated, in which FDLBP was added to supplement fishmeal
at three inclusion levels (15, 30 and 45%). Bacillus sustilus was used for the fermentation of the DLBP.
Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of 10 fish (8.23±0.24 g) twice daily at 3% body weight per day.
An intra-peritoneal challenge with Pseudomonas aeruginosa was carried out on the fish. Proximate
composition, chitin content and amino acid profiles of the meals were analyzed. Growth performance
in terms of Mean weight gain (MWG), Feed conversion ratio (FCR), Specific growth rate (SGR) and
feed utilization were calculated weekly. Blood samples were collected from each group for haematological and blood chemistry analyses. Data obtained were analysed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The SGR (1.10±0.09-1.44±0.14 %) and FCR (1.60±0.10-2.22±0.18) were significantly (p<0.05) different among treatments in the group of fish fed control diet (diet 1) relative to others.
Fish fed FDLBP 45% (diet 4) had the least overall growth performance. Packed cell volume (24.2±
3.27-34.8±5.36 %), haemoglobin concentration (5.4±0.85-7.9±1.14 g/dl), red blood cells (1.86±0.24-
2.80±0.41) and white blood cell (10.74±1.05-11.52±2.09 ×1012/L) were significantly (p<0.05) different
among the groups. There were no significant difference (p>0.05) in the total protein (3.58±0.11-
4.42±1.41 g/dl) albumin (2.17±0.15-2.68±0.54 g/dl) and globulin (0.90±0.14-1.84±0.61 g/dl) levels in
the blood. This study concluded that FDLBP could be included in the diets of O. niloticus up to 45%
without negatively impacting on the fish growth and health status.
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