ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANE-STABILITY AND PROPHYLACTIC POTENTIALS OF CHRYSIN AND RUTIN ON TRICHLOROETHYLENE-ENGENDERED ERYTHROCYTOTOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS

Authors

  • A. J. AKAMO ¹Clinical Biochemistry and Mechanistic Toxicology Research Cluster, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria ²Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria.
  • B. A. AWOFESO Clinical Biochemistry and Mechanistic Toxicology Research Cluster, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • O. OMOTOSO Clinical Biochemistry and Mechanistic Toxicology Research Cluster, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • J. K. AKINTUNDE Clinical Biochemistry and Mechanistic Toxicology Research Cluster, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • O. O. OLUJIMI Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • M. A. AKINSANYA Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria.
  • O. O. FAWIBE Department of Pure and Applied Botany, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria.
  • S. O. SALAMI Clinical Biochemistry and Mechanistic Toxicology Research Cluster, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • O. T. KAYODE Department of Biochemistry, Mountain Top University, Ibafo, Ogun State, Nigeria.
  • O. O. AYODELE Department of Biochemistry, Mountain Top University, Ibafo, Ogun State, Nigeria.
  • D. I. AKINLOYE Clinical Biochemistry and Mechanistic Toxicology Research Cluster, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • O. T. SOMADE Clinical Biochemistry and Mechanistic Toxicology Research Cluster, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • A. S. JAMES Clinical Biochemistry and Mechanistic Toxicology Research Cluster, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • E. I. UGWOR Clinical Biochemistry and Mechanistic Toxicology Research Cluster, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • O. E. ETENG Clinical Biochemistry and Mechanistic Toxicology Research Cluster, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • C. A. MOSES Clinical Biochemistry and Mechanistic Toxicology Research Cluster, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • I. O. OPOWOYE Department of Animal Production and Health, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria.
  • M. I. OLASOJU Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • A. M. ADEOSUN Department of Biochemistry, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria
  • O. M. ABUBAKAR Clinical Biochemistry and Mechanistic Toxicology Research Cluster, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • O. ADEYEMI Clinical Biochemistry and Mechanistic Toxicology Research Cluster, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • N. D. ALADE Clinical Biochemistry and Mechanistic Toxicology Research Cluster, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • O. D. AMIRA Clinical Biochemistry and Mechanistic Toxicology Research Cluster, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • D. S. HAMZAT Clinical Biochemistry and Mechanistic Toxicology Research Cluster, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • A. E. IDOWU Clinical Biochemistry and Mechanistic Toxicology Research Cluster, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • O. A. OGUNSUNLADE Clinical Biochemistry and Mechanistic Toxicology Research Cluster, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • M. Y. AFUAPE Clinical Biochemistry and Mechanistic Toxicology Research Cluster, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • T. E. OLADELE Clinical Biochemistry and Mechanistic Toxicology Research Cluster, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria

Keywords:

Trichloroethylene, rutin, chrysin, erythrocytes, antioxidants, dyslipidemia

Abstract

Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a halogenated alkene solvent linked to several cancers and autoimmune diseases in humans and animals and is a contaminant of the air, water, and soil. Chrysin and rutin are known to modulate oxidants, antioxidants, and lipotoxicity. However, their mechanistic effect on TCE-prompted red blood cell injury remains undetermined. This investigation hypothesized that chrysin and rutin could offer an alleviative influence on TCE-triggered erythrocyte damage. Randomization was employed to earmark forty-eight rats into eight groups (6 rats/group): control, chrysin and/or rutin (100 mg.kg⁻¹ day⁻¹), TCE only (1,000 mg.kg⁻¹day⁻¹), chrysin and/or rutin (100 mg.kg⁻¹day⁻¹) treated with TCE. Rats were pre-treated orally by gavage with flavonoid therapy (chrysin and/or rutin) every day for fourteen days before administering a single dosage of TCE. Twenty-four hours following TCE administration, the rats were euthanized, and their blood was taken for biochemical assays. Chrysin and/or rutin pretreatment pronouncedly (p < 0.05) mitigated TCE-engendered increases in lipids (triacylglycerol and cholesterol) concentrations, reactive oxygen/nitrogen specie (NO) levels, lipid peroxidation (MDA) amounts, and myeloperoxidase activity. The two flavonoids equally attenuated TCE-invoked depletions in haemoglobin, haematocrit, and total thiol levels, antioxidant enzymes (glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Improved antioxidant status, and activities of LDH in rats pretreated with the therapeutic agents are indicators of the membrane stability potential of the agents against the cellular assaults of TCE. Therefore, this study suggests that chrysin and/or rutin pretreatment abated TCE-provoked erythrocytes perturbations in rats possibly via radical trapping, antioxidants augmentation, anti-dyslipidemic mechanisms and positive modulation of LDH activity.

   

 

References

Adamson, A., Ilieva, N., Stone, W.J. and De Miranda, B.R. 2023. Low-dose inhalation exposure to trichloroethylene induces dopaminergic neurodegeneration in rodents. Toxicological Sciences 196(2): 218 - 228.

Akamo, A.J., Akinloye, D.I., Ugbaja, R.N., Adeleye, O.O., Dosumu, O.A., Eteng, O.E., Antiya, M.C., Amah, G., Ajayi, O.A. and Faseun, S.O. 2021. Naringin prevents cyclophosphamide-induced erythrocytotoxicity in rats by abrogating oxidative stress. Toxicology Reports 8: 1803 - 1813.

Bilgin, A. O., Mammadov, R., Suleyman, B., Unver, E., Ozcicek, F., Soyturk, M. and Suleyman, H. 2020. Effect of rutin on cytarabine-associated pulmonary oedema and oxidative stress in rats. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 92(1): e20190261.

Brunori, A., Baviello, G., Nobili, C., Palumbo, D. and Végvári, G. 2018. Correlation Between Grain Yield and Rutin Content in Common Buckwheat Germplasm Cultivated in Southern Italy. In: Buckwheat Germplasm in the World. Academic Press, London. Pp. 215 – 224.

Buege, J.A. and Aust, S.D. 1978. Microsomal lipid peroxidation. In: Methods in Enzymology. Academic Press, London. Pp. 302 – 310.

Chiu, W.A., Jinot, J., Scott, C.S., Makris, S.L., Cooper, G.S., Dzubow, R.C. and Caldwell, J.C. 2013. Human health effects of trichloroethylene: key findings and scientific issues. Environmental Health Perspectives 121(3): 303 - 311.

Cichocki, J.A., Guyton, K.Z., Guha, N., Chiu, W.A., Rusyn, I. and Lash, L.H. 2016. Target organ metabolism, toxicity, and mechanisms of trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene: key similarities, differences, and data gaps. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 359(1): 110 - 123.

Dorsey, E., Zafar, M., Lettenberger, S.E., Pawlik, M.E., Kinel, D., Frissen, M., Schneider, R.B., Kieburtz, K., Tanner, C.M., De Miranda, B.R. and Goldman, S.M. 2023. Trichloroethylene: An invisible cause of Parkinson’s disease? Journal of Parkinson's Disease 13(2): 203 - 218.

Dumas, O., Despreaux, T., Perros, F., Lau, E., Andujar, P., Humbert, M., Montani, D. and Descatha, A. 2018. Respiratory effects of trichloroethylene. Respiratory Medicine 134: 47 - 53.

El-Marasy, S.A., El Awdan, S.A. and Abd-Elsalam, R.M. 2019. Protective role of chrysin on thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy in rats. Chemico-Biological Interactions 299: 111 - 119.

Frutos, M.J., Rincón-Frutos, L. and Valero-Cases, E. 2019. Rutin. In Nonvitamin and Nonmineral Nutritional Supplements, 111 - 117.

Habig, W.H., Pabst, M.J., Fleischner, G., Gatmaitan, Z., Arias, I.M. and Jakoby, W.B. 1974. The identity of glutathione S-transferase B with ligandin, a major binding protein of liver. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 71(10): 3879 – 3882.

Hadwan, M.H. and Abed, H.N. 2016. Data supporting the spectrophotometric method for the estimation of catalase activity. Data in Brief 6:194 – 199.

Haruna, A. and Yahaya, S.M. 2021. Recent advances in the chemistry of bioactive compounds from plants and soil microbes: A review. Chemistry Africa 4(2): 231 - 248.

Heydari, M., Ahmadizadeh, M. and Angali, K. A. 2017. Ameliorative effect of vitamin E on trichloroethylene-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Journal of Nephropathology 6(3): 168.

Iritas, S.B., Dip, A., Gunduzoz, M., Tutkun, L., Turksoy, V.A., Deniz, S., Tekin, G., Oztan, O. and Unlu, A. 2021. Assessment of potential cardiovascular risk in trichloroethylene exposure by serum methylated arginine levels. International Journal of Environmental Health Research 31(1): 63 - 74.

Kato, G.J., McGowan, V., Machado, R.F., Little, J.A., Taylor, J., Morris, C.R., Nichols, J.S., Wang, X., Poljakovic, M., Morris, S.M. and Gladwin, M.T. 2006. Lactate dehydrogenase as a biomarker of hemolysis-associated nitric oxide resistance, priapism, leg ulceration, pulmonary hypertension, and death in patients with sickle cell disease. Blood 107(6): 2279 – 2285.

Khan, A.A., Alsahli, M.A. and Rahmani, A.H. 2018. Myeloperoxidase as an active disease biomarker: recent biochemical and pathological perspectives. Medical Sciences 6(2): 33.

Klebanoff, S. J. 2005. Myeloperoxidase: friend and foe. Journal of leukocyte biology, 77(5): 598 - 625.

Klebanoff, S. J., Waltersdorph, A. M. and Rosen, H. 1984. Antimicrobial activity of myeloperoxidase. In: Methods in Enzymology. Academic Press, London. Pp. 399 – 403.

Lacy, P. 2006. Mechanisms of degranulation in neutrophils. Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology 2: 1 - 11.

Lan, Q., Zhang, L., Tang, X., Shen, M., Smith, M.T., Qiu, C. and Huang, H. 2010. Occupational exposure to trichloroethylene is associated with a decline in lymphocyte subsets and soluble CD27 and CD30 markers. Carcinogenesis 31(9): 1592 - 1596.

Lin, W.Y., Tu, C.P., Kuo, H.H. and Kuo, H.W. 2022. Urinary Malondialdehyde (MDA) and N-Acetyl-β-D-Glucosaminidase (NAG) Associated with Exposure to Trichloroethylene (TCE) in Underground Water. Toxics 10(6): 293.

Luo, Y.S., Hsieh, N.H., Soldatow, V.Y., Chiu, W.A. and Rusyn, I. 2018. Comparative analysis of metabolism of trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene among mouse tissues and strains. Toxicology 409: 33 - 43.

Makni, M., Chtourou, Y., Fetoui, H., Garoui, E.M., Barkallah, M., Marouani, C., Kallel, C. and Zeghal, N., 2012. Erythrocyte oxidative damage in rat treated with CCl4: protective role of vanillin. Toxicology and industrial health 28(10): 908 - 916.

Marklund, S. and Marklund, G. 1974. Involvement of the superoxide anion radical in the autoxidation of pyrogallol and a convenient assay for superoxide dismutase. European Journal of Biochemistry 47(3): 469 - 474.

Mohammed, H.A., Sulaiman, G.M., Albukhaty, S., Al‐Saffar, A.Z., Elshibani, F.A. and Ragab, E.A. 2023. Chrysin, the flavonoid molecule of antioxidant interest. ChemistrySelect 8(48): e202303306.

Najmi, A., Javed, S.A., Al Bratty, M. and Alhazmi, H.A. 2022. Modern approaches in the discovery and development of plant-based natural products and their analogues as potential therapeutic agents. Molecules 27(2): 349.

National Research Council. 2010. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. National Academies Press, London.

Njokunwogbu, A., Amarachukwu, O., Ene, F. C., Iyioku, M. U. and Enyi, C. N. 2022. Separation and infrared (FT-IR) characterization of aromatic hydrocarbons from high boiling fractions (> 200°C) of Nigeria crude oil (using trichloroethylene as the eluant). International Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology 8(8): 1 - 9.

Nwaogwugwu, C.J., Nwankwo, V.C., Chidi, N.I., Nwaogwugwu, C., Ariwodo, U.G., Chukwuemeka, I. and Nwokoma, F. 2023. Effects of alcoholic leaf extract of Hunteria umbellata on various parameters in Wistar female rats exposed to trichloroethylene (TCE). Journal of Namibian Studies: History Politics Culture 34: 2521 - 2537.

Ordaz, J.D., Damayanti, N.P. and Irudayaraj, J.M. 2017. Toxicological effects of trichloroethylene exposure on immune disorders. Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology 39(6): 305 - 317.

Prakash, M., Shetty, M.S., Tilak, P. and Anwar, N. 2009. Total thiols: biomedical importance and their alteration in various disorders. Online Journal of Health and Allied Sciences 8(2): 2.

Ramdani, G. and Langsley, G. 2014. ATP, an extracellular signaling molecule in red blood cells: a messenger for malaria? Biomedical Journal 37(5): 284 – 292.

Rao, U.M., Dudekula, J.B., Bhatt, S., Kumar, M S., Shah, K., Chauhan, N.S. and Shilpi, S. 2023. Role of phytopharmaceuticals in inflammatory disorders. Phytopharmaceuticals and Herbal Drugs 5: 433 - 451.

Rotruck, J. T., Pope, A. L., Ganther, H. E., Swanson, A. B., Hafeman, D. G. and Hoekstra, W. 1973. Selenium: biochemical role as a component of glutathione peroxidase. Science 179 (4073): 588 - 590.

Sahreen, S. Khan, M. R. and Khan, R. A. 2011. Hepatoprotective effects of methanol extract of Carissa opaca leaves on CCl 4-induced damage in rat. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 11: 1 - 9.

Sreejayan, X.X. and Rao, M.N.A. 1997. Nitric oxide scavenging by curcuminoids. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 49(1): 105 - 107.

Tietz, N. W. 1995. Clinical guide to laboratory tests. In Clinical guide to laboratory tests, pp. 1096 - 1996.

Winans, B., Humble, M.C., and Lawrence, B.P. 2011. Environmental toxicants and the developing immune system: a missing link in the global battle against infectious disease? Reproductive Toxicology 31(3): 327 - 336.

Wong, V. and Lerner, E. 2015. Nitric oxide inhibition strategies. Future Science OA 1(1): 1 – 5.

Zamanian, Z., Yousefinejad, S., Khoshnoud, M.J., Golbabaie, F., Farhang Dehghan, S., Modaresi, A., Amanat, S., Reza Zare, M. and Rahmani, A. 2018. Toxic effects of subacute inhalation exposure to trichloroethylene on serum lipid profile, glucose and biochemical parameters in Sprague–Dawley rats. Inhalation Toxicology 30(9-10): 354 - 360.

Downloads

Published

2024-12-30

Issue

Vol. 23 No. 1 (2024)

Section

Articles