AMLODIPINE –INDUCED ALTERATIONS IN MALE REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES OF ALBINO RATS: BENEFICIAL ROLES OF TIGER NUT MILK
Keywords:
Antihypertensive drugs, Calcium Channel Blockers, Amlodipine, S-amlodipine, Testosterone, Luteinizing hormone, Tiger nut milkAbstract
Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease and premature death worldwide. This has led to the increased clinical prescription of antihypertensive medications especially calcium channel blockers (CCBs) that have been implicated in male fertility by altering hormone secretion. To investigate the role of Tiger nut milk in amlodipine isomers-induced male reproductive hormones alterations, forty-two male albino rats (150g -170g) were randomly segregated into six groups (n=7) for a six week experiment: Group 1 (control), group 2 (amlodipine 0.07mg/kg), group 3 (S-amlodipine 0.035mg/kg), group 4 (amlodipine + Tiger nut milk), group 5 (S-amlodipine + Tiger nut milk), and group 6 (Tiger nut milk 3.5ml/kg). Blood samples for hormonal assays were collected into EDTA coated tube after four weeks, to confirm alterations in male reproductive hormones, before commencing Tiger nut milk treatment for a further two weeks. The experimental rats were euthanized; blood samples were collected and centrifuged to obtain plasma for luteinizing hormone and testosterone assays. A significant reduction (p<0.05) in the plasma luteinizing hormone and testosterone levels were recorded for amlodipine-treated male albino rats compared with the control, while a milder effect was observed for the hormonal levels of groups treated with S-amlodipine. Feeding with Tiger nut milk, showed favorable mild reversal of the hormonal decrements. This study thus suggests that, consumption of Tiger nut milk may be beneficial in cases of prescribed amlodipine-induced male reproductive hormone alterations.References
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