PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON RED BELLY TILAPIA COPTODON ZILLII CAUGHT FROM OYAN DAM, OGUN STATE, NIGERIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51406/jagse.v18i1.1909Keywords:
Coptodon zillii, , Oyan Lake, Ogun watersideAbstract
The study was carried out on the biological aspect of Redbelly Tilapia, Coptodon zillii collected from Oyan Lake, Abeokuta North Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria, with the aim of contributing to the baseline data for carrying out further studies on its ecology, conservation and development. A total of two hundred and fifty four fish (254) specimens were caught from the Ibaro landing site of the Lake between March and July, 2015. The total length (cm), standard length (cm), head length (cm), body width (cm), body depth (cm), snout length (cm), eye diameter (cm) and body weight (g) were measured. The stomach content was also assessed in order to determine its food and feeding habit. The mean total-length, standard-length, head-length, eye-diameter, snout-length, body-depth, body-width and body-weight during the study were 10.98±0.61cm, 8.56±0.14cm, 2.5±0.08cm, 3.67±0.15cm, 1.52±0.11cm,1.37±0.17cm, 4.05±0.07cm, 34.25±3.02g respectively and their ranges were (4.5-18.7cm), (3.2-15.2cm), (1.1-5.8cm), (2.0-6.8cm), (0.8-3.0cm), (1.1-4.8cm), (1.4-7.3cm) and (6.0-132.0g). A negative allometric (b<3) growth pattern was observed for the stock. The meristic characteristics of C. zillii were (DFR) XIV 10 – XVI 14; PVR, AFR III 8 –III 9; PFR 10 – 13 respectively. Stomach analysis showed that diatoms were the most abundant food items in the diet of C. zillii numerically, 29.98%, while desmids were the most abundant food items in terms of frequency occurrence, 27.82%. This study concluded that C. zillii is not morphometrically and meristically different from the already classified from previous studies. Also, C. zillii thrives well on available plants and detritus.
References
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Akinwumi, F. O. 2003. Food and Feeding Habits of Tilapia zilli (Pisces: Cichlidae) in Ondo State University Fish Farm. . Proceedings of 16th Annual Conf. Fisheries Soc. of Nigeria (FISON). 195-198.
Alex, N., Justin , D., Magaira. and Cyrus, R 2012 .Length- Weight Relationship and Condition Factor of Tilapia species grown in Marine and Fresh Water ponds. 122: 123-124.
Basu, M., Kalu M. 1999. Study and comparison of length-weight relationship and condition factor of Tilapia zillii (Gervais) in Lake Alau and Monguno hatchery. The Borno State, Nigeria.Fourth Indian Fisheries Forum. Kochi. Kerala, pp. 357-360.
Bayerle, G. B., Williams, J.E. 1968. Some Observtions of food selectivity by Northern Biology and evolution. Oliver and Boyd, Edingbergh, Scotland.
Bolger, T., Connolly, P. L. 1989: The selection of suitable indices for the measurement and analysis of fish condition. J. Fish Biol. 34,171–182.
Dankwa, H.R. 2011. Length-Weight Relationship and Growth Parameters of Grey Mullets (Pisces: Mugilidae) in Two Estuaries in Ghana . West African Journal of Applied Ecology, 18: 53-61.
Eccles, D. H. 1992. FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania, United Nations Development Programme, Rome, 145 pp.
El-Kashef MA 2002. Fishery biology of some Nile fishes. Ph.D.Thesis, Fac. Sci., Zagazig Univ.
El-Sawy, W.M.T. 2006. Some biological aspects of dominant fish population in Lake Edku in relation to prevailing environmental conditions. M.Sc. Thesis, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Egypt.
El-Sayed, A. F. M.: 2006, Tilapia culture. CABI Publishing, Wallingford OX 108 DE, UK.273 pp.
El – Shazly A, 1993. Biological Studies On Four Cichlid Fishes (Tilapia nilotica, Tilapia galilae, Tilapia zillii, Tilapia aurea). Thesis M.Sc. Fac. Sci. Zagazig Univ. Egypt.
El-Zarka, S. A., Koura, R., Shaheen, A. H. (1970). Selectivity of wire basket traps for tilapias (T.nilotica, T,galilae, and T. zillii). J. Cons. Int. Explor. Mer., 282-291.
Fafioye, O. O., Oluajo, O. A. 2005 Length-weight relationships of five species in Epe Lagoon, Nigeria. Afr. J. Biotech. 4(7):749-751.
Fagade, S.O. 1971. The food and feeding habits of Tilapia in Lagos Lagoon. J. Fish Biol 3: 199 -201.
Fagade, S.O., Olaniyan, C.I.O. 1972. The biology of the West African Shad.Ethmalosa Fimbriata (Bowdich)in the Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria. Journal of fish Biology. 4:519- 533.
Faltas, S. N., Akel, E. H. Kh. 2003. Investigation of beach seine catch of Abu Qir Bay (Egypt) .Bull. Nat. Inst. Oceanogr. & Fish. , A.R.E., 29: 117- 135.
FAO, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,2009. 2007 FAO year book.
Fryer, G., Iles, T. D. 1972. The Cichlid Fishes of Great Lakes of Africa: Their Biology and Evolution. Oliver and Boyed, Edinburgh, 641pp.
Hadi, A.A. 2008. Some observation on the age and growth of Tilapia zillii (GERVAIS, 1848) in Umhfein Lake (Libya). J. Sci. Appl., 2: 12-21.
Hyslop, E. J. 1980. Stomach contents analysis: a review of methods and their application. J.Fish. Biol, 17(4):411-429.
Ibrahim, S. M., Shalloof, K. A. Sh., Salama, H. M 2008. Effect of Environmental Conditions of Abu-Zabal Lakeon Some Biological, Histological and Quality Aspects of Fish,Cairo. Global Veterinaria. 2:257-270.
Ikenweiwe, N.B. 2005. Limnology and Plankton abundance in relation to fish production in Oyan Lake, south western Nigeria. Ph.D Thesis, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. 238p.
Khallaf EA, El-Nenaei, AA 1987. Feeding ecology of Oreochromis niloticus (Linneaus) and Tilapia zilii (Gervias) in a Nile canal, Hydrobiology. 146:57-62.
Khallaf, E., Galal, M., Athuman, M 2003. The biology of Oreochromis niloticus in a polluted canal.Ecotoxicology. 12:405-416.
Khallaf E. A., Alne – nae, A. A. 1986, Reproduction of Tilapias in a Nile Canal and its interaction with the environment, M. Sc. Thesis Fac. of Sci., Almonofya Univ. Egypt.
Kuton, M.P., Kusemiju, K. 2000. The Feeding Interrelationship of four Cichlids in the Lekki Lagoon,Nigeria. Journal Sci. Res. Dev. 5: 169-176.
Lagler, K.F. 1949. Studies in freshwater biology, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Latif , A . A.; Latif A.A, Khallaf ESA, El-Nenaei AA (1989). Effect of selectivity of trammel nets upon growth and mortality of two Tilapia species. Bull. Natl .Inst. Oceanogr.Fish. 2: 253-260.
Malami, G.Z., J.K. Ipinjolu, W.A. Hassan, Magawata, I. 2004. Feeding adaptations often fish species in river Rima. North Western Nigeria. A paper presented at the 2004 Annual conference of Zoological society of Nigeria held at institute of developmental research, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria. Pp 115.
Meyer, D.E. 2002. Technology for successful small-scale Tilapia culture (CRSP Research Report 02-179). CRSP Research Reports (Aquaculture Collaborative Research support Program). [Abstract from original paper published in: D. Meyer (Ed). 6to Simposio Centroamericano de Aquacultura Proceedings: Tilapia Sessions, 22–24. Tegucigalpa, Honduras, pp. 97-106.
Molnar, J. 2008. “Assessing the global threat of invasive species to marine biodiversity.”Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. 6 (9), :485-492.
Mosaad, M. N. M. 1990. Biological studies on five fish species from Lake Qarun, Egypt Length–weight releationship and condition factor. Proc. Zool. Soc, Egypt 21:331-344.
Moyle, P.B. 1976. Fish introduction in California: History and impact on native fishes. Biol. Conserv., 9(2):101-118
Negassa, A., Getahun, A. 2003. Breeding season, length-weight relationship and condition factor of introduced fish, Tilapia zillii Gervais 1848 (Pisces: Cichlidae) in Lake Zwai, Ethiopia. SINET Ethiopian J. Sci., 26: 115-122.
Olaosebikan, B. D., Raji, A. 1998. Field guide to Nigerian freshwater fishes. Federal College of Freshwater Fisheries Technology, New Bussa, Nigeria. 106pp.
Olufeagba, SO, Aluko, P.O., Eyo, A.A. 2002. Dietary protein requirements of Triploid. Heterobranchus. J. Aquatic Sci. 17:1-4.
Osho J. A., Ayodele, I. A., Fagbuaro, O. 2006. Food and Feeding Habits of Oreochromis niloticus (L) and Sarotherodon galilaeus (L) in a Tropical Reservoir. World Journal of Zoology 1(2):118 – 121.
Panfili, J., Toma´s, J. 2001. Validation of age estimation and back-calculation of fishlength based on otolith microstructures in tilapias (Pisces, Cichlidae). Fishery Bulletin 99: 139–150.
Pauly, D., 1993. Fisbyte section editorial. Naga. ICLARM Q. 16, 26. Journal of Tropical Agric. and Food Systems. 4(1): 7-9.
Pauly, D., 2007. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication http://www.fishbase.org/search.php Version (accessed on October 2007).
Pauly, D 1993. Linear regressions in fisheries research. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 30:409-43 Pike in Aquaria. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc 97. 28 – 31.
Pauly, D. 1995. Anecdote and the Shifting baseline syndrome of fisheries. Trends in ecology and evolution. Pp 10:430. Vol. 10.
Phillip, J. C. L., Ruwet, J. C. L. 1982. Ecology and distribution of Tilapias ICLARM, Conf. Proc. Manila, Phillipines. 7: 15 - 59.
Pius, M.O., Benedicta, O.O. 2002. Food and feeding inter-relationship. A preliminary indicator to the formulation of the feed of some Tilapia fishes. Tropical Journal of Animal Science. 5(1): 35 – 41.
Riedel, R., Caskey, L.M., Hurlbert, S.H 2007. Lengthweight relations and growth rates of dominant fishes of the Salton Sea: implications for predation by fish-eating birds. , 23:528-535
Siddiqui, A. Q. 1977. Reproductive biology of Tilapia zillii (Gervais) in Lake Naivasha, Kenya. Environ. Biol. Fish. 1979; 4: 257–262.
Tesch F. W. 1971. Age and growth. In Methods for assessment of fish production in fresh waters, 2nd edn. (W. E. Ricker, ed.), pp 98–130. Blackwell, Oxford.
Teugels, G.G., Thys van den Audenaerde, D.F.E. 1991. Tilapia. p. 482-508. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5163). Trans.Am. Fish. Soc. 102, 378 – 383.
Tsadu, S. M., Ojutiku, R. O., Anyawale A. V. 2006. A Survey of Fungi Contamination of some Fish Species from Tagwai Daru, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. Journal of Tropical Biosciences. 6: 1-5pp.
Turan, C., Gurlet M., Ergudin D., Yaghoglu, D., Ozturk D. 2011. Systematic Status of Species (Mugilidae) in the Mediterranean Sea. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 11: 315 – 312.
Ujjania, N.C., Monika Dubey, Sharma, L.L.,Vijay Kumar Balai., Srivastva, R.M. 2015. Bio-invasion of exotic fish tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus P. 1852) in Lake Jaisamand, India. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 3(2):174-177
Zacharia, P.U. 2004. Methods of stomach content analysis of fishes- Winter School on Towards Ecosystem Based Management of Marine Fisheries – Building Mass Balance Trophic and Simulation Models. Technical notes Edited by Dr. K.S. Mohamed, Director, Winter School & Senior Scientist, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute [CMFRI], Pp 200.
Akel, E.H.K.H., Moharram, S.G. 2007. Reproductive biology of Tilapia zillii (Gerv, 1848) from Abu Qir bay, Egypt. Egypt. J. Aquat. Res., 33: 379-394.
Akinwumi, F. O. 2003. Food and Feeding Habits of Tilapia zilli (Pisces: Cichlidae) in Ondo State University Fish Farm. . Proceedings of 16th Annual Conf. Fisheries Soc. of Nigeria (FISON). 195-198.
Alex, N., Justin , D., Magaira. and Cyrus, R 2012 .Length- Weight Relationship and Condition Factor of Tilapia species grown in Marine and Fresh Water ponds. 122: 123-124.
Basu, M., Kalu M. 1999. Study and comparison of length-weight relationship and condition factor of Tilapia zillii (Gervais) in Lake Alau and Monguno hatchery. The Borno State, Nigeria.Fourth Indian Fisheries Forum. Kochi. Kerala, pp. 357-360.
Bayerle, G. B., Williams, J.E. 1968. Some Observtions of food selectivity by Northern Biology and evolution. Oliver and Boyd, Edingbergh, Scotland.
Bolger, T., Connolly, P. L. 1989: The selection of suitable indices for the measurement and analysis of fish condition. J. Fish Biol. 34,171–182.
Dankwa, H.R. 2011. Length-Weight Relationship and Growth Parameters of Grey Mullets (Pisces: Mugilidae) in Two Estuaries in Ghana . West African Journal of Applied Ecology, 18: 53-61.
Eccles, D. H. 1992. FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania, United Nations Development Programme, Rome, 145 pp.
El-Kashef MA 2002. Fishery biology of some Nile fishes. Ph.D.Thesis, Fac. Sci., Zagazig Univ.
El-Sawy, W.M.T. 2006. Some biological aspects of dominant fish population in Lake Edku in relation to prevailing environmental conditions. M.Sc. Thesis, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Egypt.
El-Sayed, A. F. M.: 2006, Tilapia culture. CABI Publishing, Wallingford OX 108 DE, UK.273 pp.
El – Shazly A, 1993. Biological Studies On Four Cichlid Fishes (Tilapia nilotica, Tilapia galilae, Tilapia zillii, Tilapia aurea). Thesis M.Sc. Fac. Sci. Zagazig Univ. Egypt.
El-Zarka, S. A., Koura, R., Shaheen, A. H. (1970). Selectivity of wire basket traps for tilapias (T.nilotica, T,galilae, and T. zillii). J. Cons. Int. Explor. Mer., 282-291.
Fafioye, O. O., Oluajo, O. A. 2005 Length-weight relationships of five species in Epe Lagoon, Nigeria. Afr. J. Biotech. 4(7):749-751.
Fagade, S.O. 1971. The food and feeding habits of Tilapia in Lagos Lagoon. J. Fish Biol 3: 199 -201.
Fagade, S.O., Olaniyan, C.I.O. 1972. The biology of the West African Shad.Ethmalosa Fimbriata (Bowdich)in the Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria. Journal of fish Biology. 4:519- 533.
Faltas, S. N., Akel, E. H. Kh. 2003. Investigation of beach seine catch of Abu Qir Bay (Egypt) .Bull. Nat. Inst. Oceanogr. & Fish. , A.R.E., 29: 117- 135.
FAO, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,2009. 2007 FAO year book.
Fryer, G., Iles, T. D. 1972. The Cichlid Fishes of Great Lakes of Africa: Their Biology and Evolution. Oliver and Boyed, Edinburgh, 641pp.
Hadi, A.A. 2008. Some observation on the age and growth of Tilapia zillii (GERVAIS, 1848) in Umhfein Lake (Libya). J. Sci. Appl., 2: 12-21.
Hyslop, E. J. 1980. Stomach contents analysis: a review of methods and their application. J.Fish. Biol, 17(4):411-429.
Ibrahim, S. M., Shalloof, K. A. Sh., Salama, H. M 2008. Effect of Environmental Conditions of Abu-Zabal Lakeon Some Biological, Histological and Quality Aspects of Fish,Cairo. Global Veterinaria. 2:257-270.
Ikenweiwe, N.B. 2005. Limnology and Plankton abundance in relation to fish production in Oyan Lake, south western Nigeria. Ph.D Thesis, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. 238p.
Khallaf EA, El-Nenaei, AA 1987. Feeding ecology of Oreochromis niloticus (Linneaus) and Tilapia zilii (Gervias) in a Nile canal, Hydrobiology. 146:57-62.
Khallaf, E., Galal, M., Athuman, M 2003. The biology of Oreochromis niloticus in a polluted canal.Ecotoxicology. 12:405-416.
Khallaf E. A., Alne – nae, A. A. 1986, Reproduction of Tilapias in a Nile Canal and its interaction with the environment, M. Sc. Thesis Fac. of Sci., Almonofya Univ. Egypt.
Kuton, M.P., Kusemiju, K. 2000. The Feeding Interrelationship of four Cichlids in the Lekki Lagoon,Nigeria. Journal Sci. Res. Dev. 5: 169-176.
Lagler, K.F. 1949. Studies in freshwater biology, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Latif , A . A.; Latif A.A, Khallaf ESA, El-Nenaei AA (1989). Effect of selectivity of trammel nets upon growth and mortality of two Tilapia species. Bull. Natl .Inst. Oceanogr.Fish. 2: 253-260.
Malami, G.Z., J.K. Ipinjolu, W.A. Hassan, Magawata, I. 2004. Feeding adaptations often fish species in river Rima. North Western Nigeria. A paper presented at the 2004 Annual conference of Zoological society of Nigeria held at institute of developmental research, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria. Pp 115.
Meyer, D.E. 2002. Technology for successful small-scale Tilapia culture (CRSP Research Report 02-179). CRSP Research Reports (Aquaculture Collaborative Research support Program). [Abstract from original paper published in: D. Meyer (Ed). 6to Simposio Centroamericano de Aquacultura Proceedings: Tilapia Sessions, 22–24. Tegucigalpa, Honduras, pp. 97-106.
Molnar, J. 2008. “Assessing the global threat of invasive species to marine biodiversity.”Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. 6 (9), :485-492.
Mosaad, M. N. M. 1990. Biological studies on five fish species from Lake Qarun, Egypt Length–weight releationship and condition factor. Proc. Zool. Soc, Egypt 21:331-344.
Moyle, P.B. 1976. Fish introduction in California: History and impact on native fishes. Biol. Conserv., 9(2):101-118
Negassa, A., Getahun, A. 2003. Breeding season, length-weight relationship and condition factor of introduced fish, Tilapia zillii Gervais 1848 (Pisces: Cichlidae) in Lake Zwai, Ethiopia. SINET Ethiopian J. Sci., 26: 115-122.
Olaosebikan, B. D., Raji, A. 1998. Field guide to Nigerian freshwater fishes. Federal College of Freshwater Fisheries Technology, New Bussa, Nigeria. 106pp.
Olufeagba, SO, Aluko, P.O., Eyo, A.A. 2002. Dietary protein requirements of Triploid. Heterobranchus. J. Aquatic Sci. 17:1-4.
Osho J. A., Ayodele, I. A., Fagbuaro, O. 2006. Food and Feeding Habits of Oreochromis niloticus (L) and Sarotherodon galilaeus (L) in a Tropical Reservoir. World Journal of Zoology 1(2):118 – 121.
Panfili, J., Toma´s, J. 2001. Validation of age estimation and back-calculation of fishlength based on otolith microstructures in tilapias (Pisces, Cichlidae). Fishery Bulletin 99: 139–150.
Pauly, D., 1993. Fisbyte section editorial. Naga. ICLARM Q. 16, 26. Journal of Tropical Agric. and Food Systems. 4(1): 7-9.
Pauly, D., 2007. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication http://www.fishbase.org/search.php Version (accessed on October 2007).
Pauly, D 1993. Linear regressions in fisheries research. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 30:409-43 Pike in Aquaria. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc 97. 28 – 31.
Pauly, D. 1995. Anecdote and the Shifting baseline syndrome of fisheries. Trends in ecology and evolution. Pp 10:430. Vol. 10.
Phillip, J. C. L., Ruwet, J. C. L. 1982. Ecology and distribution of Tilapias ICLARM, Conf. Proc. Manila, Phillipines. 7: 15 - 59.
Pius, M.O., Benedicta, O.O. 2002. Food and feeding inter-relationship. A preliminary indicator to the formulation of the feed of some Tilapia fishes. Tropical Journal of Animal Science. 5(1): 35 – 41.
Riedel, R., Caskey, L.M., Hurlbert, S.H 2007. Lengthweight relations and growth rates of dominant fishes of the Salton Sea: implications for predation by fish-eating birds. , 23:528-535
Siddiqui, A. Q. 1977. Reproductive biology of Tilapia zillii (Gervais) in Lake Naivasha, Kenya. Environ. Biol. Fish. 1979; 4: 257–262.
Tesch F. W. 1971. Age and growth. In Methods for assessment of fish production in fresh waters, 2nd edn. (W. E. Ricker, ed.), pp 98–130. Blackwell, Oxford.
Teugels, G.G., Thys van den Audenaerde, D.F.E. 1991. Tilapia. p. 482-508. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5163). Trans.Am. Fish. Soc. 102, 378 – 383.
Tsadu, S. M., Ojutiku, R. O., Anyawale A. V. 2006. A Survey of Fungi Contamination of some Fish Species from Tagwai Daru, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. Journal of Tropical Biosciences. 6: 1-5pp.
Turan, C., Gurlet M., Ergudin D., Yaghoglu, D., Ozturk D. 2011. Systematic Status of Species (Mugilidae) in the Mediterranean Sea. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 11: 315 – 312.
Ujjania, N.C., Monika Dubey, Sharma, L.L.,Vijay Kumar Balai., Srivastva, R.M. 2015. Bio-invasion of exotic fish tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus P. 1852) in Lake Jaisamand, India. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 3(2):174-177
Zacharia, P.U. 2004. Methods of stomach content analysis of fishes- Winter School on Towards Ecosystem Based Management of Marine Fisheries – Building Mass Balance Trophic and Simulation Models. Technical notes Edited by Dr. K.S. Mohamed, Director, Winter School & Senior Scientist, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute [CMFRI], Pp 200.
